tikz.dev / tkz-euclide Manual

tkz-euclide

Working with styles

42 Predefined styles

How to proceed depends on your use of the package. A good method is to use predefined styles as much as possible, to separate content from form. This is the right method if you plan to create a document with many figures, like this documentation. We will see how to define a global style for a document, and how to use a style locally.

The file tkz-euclide.cfg contains the predefined styles of the main objects, the most important being points, lines, segments, circles, arcs and compass marks. If you always use the same styles and create many figures, it is worth creating your own styles. To do this, you need to know which features can be modified, and some notions of TikZ.

The predefined styles are global: they exist before the figures are created, and it is better not to change them between two figures. On the other hand, they can be modified temporarily inside a figure; they are then defined locally and do not affect the other figures.

Here is how I defined the styles of the document you are reading.

\tkzSetUpColors[background=white,text=black]
\tkzSetUpPoint[size=2,color=teal]
\tkzSetUpLine[line width=.4pt,color=teal]
\tkzSetUpCompass[color=orange, line width=.4pt,delta=10]
\tkzSetUpArc[color=gray,line width=.4pt]
\tkzSetUpStyle[orange]{new}

The macro \tkzSetUpColors sets the background color and the text color. If you don’t use it, the colors and fonts of your document are used. Let’s see how to define the styles of the main objects.

43 Point style

This is how the points are defined:

\tikzset{point style/.style = {%
draw = \tkz@euc@pointcolor,
inner sep = 0pt,
shape = \tkz@euc@pointshape,
minimum size = \tkz@euc@pointsize,
fill = \tkz@euc@pointcolor}}

You can of course use \tikzset, but the package provides a macro for this: \tkzSetUpPoint, which can be used globally or locally.

43.1 Use of \tkzSetUpPoint

  • \tkzSetUpPoint[⟨local options⟩]

    • optionsdefaultdefinition
    colorblackpoint color
    size3point size
    fillblack!50inside point color
    shapecirclepoint shape circle, cross or cross out
43.1.1 Global style or local style

First, here is a figure created with the styles of this documentation; then the style of the points is modified inside the tikzpicture environment.

You can use the macro \tkzSetUpPoint globally or locally. If you place it in your preamble or before your first figure, the point style is valid for all the figures of your document. You can use another style locally by placing this command inside a tikzpicture environment.

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}
\tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,5/0/B,3/2/C,3/1/D}
\tkzDrawPolygon(A,B,C)
\tkzDrawPoints(A,B,C)
\tkzLabelPoints(A,B)
\tkzLabelPoints[above right](C)
\end{tikzpicture}
43.1.2 Local style

The style of the points is modified locally in the second figure.

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}
\tkzSetUpPoint[size=4,color=red,fill=red!20]
\tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,5/0/B,3/2/C,3/1/D}
\tkzDrawPolygon(A,B,C)
\tkzDrawPoints(A,B,C)
\tkzDrawPoint[shape=cross out,thick](D)
\tkzLabelPoints(A,B)
\tkzLabelPoints[above right](C)
\end{tikzpicture}
43.1.3 Style and scope

The points get back the initial style. Point D has a new style limited by the environment scope. It is also possible to use {...} orThe points get back the initial style. Point \(D\) has a new style limited by the environment scope. It is also possible to use {...} or \begingoup ... \endgroup.

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}
\tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,5/0/B,3/2/C,3/1/D}
\tkzDrawPolygon(A,B,C)
\tkzDrawPoints(A,B,C)
\begin{scope}
\tkzSetUpPoint[size=4,color=red,fill=red!20]
\tkzDrawPoint(D)
\end{scope}
\tkzLabelPoints(A,B)
\tkzLabelPoints[above right](C)
\end{tikzpicture}
43.1.4 Simple example with \tkzSetUpPoint

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}
\tkzSetUpPoint[shape = cross out,color=blue]
\tkzDefPoint(2,1){A}
\tkzDefPoint(4,0){B}
\tkzDrawLine(A,B)
\tkzDrawPoints(A,B)
\end{tikzpicture}
43.1.5 Use of \tkzSetUpPoint inside a group

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}
\tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,2/4/B,4/0/C,3/2/D}
\tkzDrawSegments(A,B A,C A,D)
{\tkzSetUpPoint[shape=cross out,
fill= teal!50,
size=4,color=teal]
\tkzDrawPoints(A,B)}
\tkzSetUpPoint[fill= teal!50,size=4,
color=teal]
\tkzDrawPoints(C,D)
\tkzLabelPoints(A,B,C,D)
\end{tikzpicture}

44 Line style

There are several ways to change the style of a line: with \tkzSetUpLine, or directly with
\tikzset{line style/.style = ... }.

Reminder about line width: There are a number of predefined styles that provide more “natural” ways of setting the line width. You can also redefine these styles.

predefined stylevalue of line width
ultra thin0.1 pt
very thin0.2 pt
thin0.4 pt
semithick0.6 pt
thick0.8 pt
very thick1.2 pt
ultra thick1.6 pt
44.1 Use of \tkzSetUpLine

This macro defines the style of all the lines.

  • \tkzSetUpLine[⟨local options⟩]

    • optionsdefaultdefinition
    colorblackcolor of the construction lines
    line width0.4ptthickness of the construction lines
    stylesolidstyle of construction lines
    add.2 and .2changing the length of a line segment
44.1.1 Change line width

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=.75]
\tkzSetUpLine[line width=1pt]
\begin{scope}[rotate=-90]
\tkzDefPoints{0/6/A,10/0/B,10/6/C}
\tkzDefPointBy[projection = onto B--A](C)
\tkzGetPoint{H}
\tkzMarkRightAngle[size=.4,
fill=teal!20](B,C,A)
\tkzMarkRightAngle[size=.4,
fill=orange!20](B,H,C)
\tkzDrawPolygon(A,B,C)
\tkzDrawSegment[new](C,H)
\end{scope}
\tkzLabelSegment[below](C,B){$a$}
\tkzLabelSegment[right](A,C){$b$}
\tkzLabelSegment[left](A,B){$c$}
\tkzLabelSegment[color=red](C,H){$h$}
\tkzDrawPoints(A,B,C)
\tkzLabelPoints[above left](H)
\tkzLabelPoints(B,C)
\tkzLabelPoints[above](A)
\end{tikzpicture}
44.1.2 Change style of line

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=.5]
\tikzset{line style/.style = {color = gray,
style=dashed}}
\tkzDefPoints{1/0/A,4/0/B,1/1/C,5/1/D}
\tkzDefPoints{1/2/E,6/2/F,0/4/A',3/4/B'}
\tkzCalcLength(C,D)
\tkzGetLength{rCD}
\tkzCalcLength(E,F)
\tkzGetLength{rEF}
\tkzInterCC[R](A',\rCD)(B',\rEF)
\tkzGetPoints{I}{J}
\tkzDrawLine(A',B')
\tkzCompass(A',B')
\tkzDrawSegments(A,B C,D E,F)
\tkzDefCircle[R](A',\rCD) \tkzGetPoint{a'}
\tkzDefCircle[R](B',\rEF)\tkzGetPoint{b'}
\tkzDrawCircles(A',a' B',b')
\begin{scope}
\tkzSetUpLine[color=red]
\tkzDrawSegments(A',I B',I)
\end{scope}
\tkzDrawPoints(A,B,C,D,E,F,A',B',I,J)
\tkzLabelPoints(A,B,C,D,E,F,A',B',I,J)
\end{tikzpicture}
44.1.3 Extending lines

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=.75]
\tkzSetUpLine[add=.5 and .5]
\tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,4/0/B,1/3/C}
\tkzDrawLines(A,B B,C A,C)
\tkzDrawPolygon[red,thick](A,B,C)
\tkzSetUpPoint[size=4,circle,color=red,fill=red!20]
\tkzDrawPoints(A,B,C)
\end{tikzpicture}

45 Arc style

45.1 The macro \tkzSetUpArc

  • \tkzSetUpArc[⟨local options⟩]

    • optionsdefaultdefinition
    colorblackcolor of the lines
    line width0.4ptthickness of the lines
    stylesolidstyle of construction lines
    delta0extends the arcs by delta degrees at each end

    Since version 5.14, delta set with this macro only acts on the arcs drawn by \tkzDrawArc, \tkzMarkArc and \tkzLabelArc; the compass marks have their own delta, set with \tkzSetUpCompass.

45.1.1 Use of \tkzSetUpArc

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}
\def\r{3} \def\angle{200}
\tkzSetUpArc[delta=10,color=purple,line width=.2pt]
\tkzSetUpLabel[font=\scriptsize,red]
\tkzDefPoint(0,0){O}
\tkzDefPoint(\angle:\r){A}
\tkzInterCC(O,A)(A,O) \tkzGetPoints{C'}{C}
\tkzInterCC(O,A)(C,O) \tkzGetPoints{D'}{D}
\tkzInterCC(O,A)(D,O) \tkzGetPoints{X'}{X}
\tkzDrawCircle(O,A)
\tkzDrawArc(A,C')(C)
\tkzDrawArc(C,O)(D)
\tkzDrawArc(D,O)(X)
\tkzDrawLine[add=.1 and .1](A,X)
\tkzDrawPoints(O,A)
\tkzSetUpPoint[size=3,color=purple,fill=purple!10]
\tkzDrawPoints(C,C',D,X)
\tkzLabelPoints[below left](O,A)
\tkzLabelPoints[below](C')
\tkzLabelPoints[below right](X)
\tkzLabelPoints[above](C,D)
\end{tikzpicture}

46 Compass style

Compass marks help to understand the construction of a figure, by showing the arcs needed to obtain some points.

46.1 The macro \tkzSetUpCompass

  • \tkzSetUpCompass[⟨local options⟩]

    • optionsdefaultdefinition
    colorblackcolor of the construction lines
    line width0.4ptthickness of the construction lines
    stylesolidstyle of lines: solid, dashed,dotted,...
    delta0changes the length of the compass marks
46.1.1 Use of \tkzSetUpCompass

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}
\tkzSetUpCompass[color=red,delta=15]
\tkzDefPoint(1,1){A}
\tkzDefPoint(6,1){B}
\tkzInterCC[R](A,4)(B,4) \tkzGetPoints{C}{D}
\tkzCompass(A,C)
\tkzCompass(B,C)
\tkzDrawPolygon(A,B,C)
\tkzDrawPoints(A,B,C)
\end{tikzpicture}
46.1.2 Use of \tkzSetUpCompass with \tkzShowLine

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=.75]
\tkzSetUpStyle[bisector,size=2,gap=3]{showbi}
\tkzSetUpCompass[color=teal,line width=.3 pt]
\tkzDefPoints{0/1/A, 8/3/B, 3/6/C}
\tkzDrawPolygon(A,B,C)
\tkzDefLine[bisector](B,A,C) \tkzGetPoint{a}
\tkzDefLine[bisector](C,B,A) \tkzGetPoint{b}
\tkzShowLine[showbi](B,A,C)
\tkzShowLine[showbi](C,B,A)
\tkzInterLL(A,a)(B,b) \tkzGetPoint{I}
\tkzDefPointBy[projection= onto A--B](I)
\tkzGetPoint{H}
\tkzDrawCircle[new](I,H)
\tkzDrawSegments[new](I,H)
\tkzDrawLines[add=0 and .2,new](A,I B,I)
\end{tikzpicture}

47 Label style

47.1 The macro \tkzSetUpLabel

The macro \tkzSetUpLabel defines the style of the point labels.

  • \tkzSetUpStyle[⟨local options⟩]

    • The options are the same as those of TikZ

47.1.1 Use of \tkzSetUpLabel

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=.75]
\tkzSetUpLabel[font=\scriptsize,red]
\tkzSetUpStyle[line width=1pt,teal]{XY}
\tkzInit[xmin=-3,xmax=3,ymin=-3,ymax=3]
\tkzDrawX[noticks,XY]
\tkzDrawY[noticks,XY]
\tkzDefPoints{1/0/A,0/1/B,-1/0/C,0/-1/D}
\tkzDrawPoints[teal,fill=teal!30,size=6](A,...,D)
\tkzLabelPoint[above right](A){$A(1,0)$}
\tkzLabelPoint[above right](B){$B(0,1)$}
\tkzLabelPoint[above left](C){$C(-1,0)$}
\tkzLabelPoint[below left](D){$D(0,-1)$}
\end{tikzpicture}

48 Own style

You can define your own style with \tkzSetUpStyle.

48.1 The macro \tkzSetUpStyle

  • \tkzSetUpStyle[⟨local options⟩]

    • The options are the same as those of TikZ

48.1.1 Use of \tkzSetUpStyle

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}
\tkzSetUpStyle[color=blue!20!black,fill=blue!20]{mystyle}
\tkzDefPoint(0,0){O}
\tkzDefPoint(0,1){A}
\tkzDrawPoints(O) % general style
\tkzDrawPoints[mystyle,size=4](A) % my style
\tkzLabelPoints(O,A)
\end{tikzpicture}

49 How to use arrows

In some countries, arrows are used to show that lines are parallel, or to represent rays, such as the sides of an angle.

Here are some examples of how to place these arrows. tkz-euclide loads the library arrows.meta.

\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}

This library provides different styles of arrow tips; the next examples use some of them.

49.1 Arrows at endpoints on segment, ray or line

Stealth, Triangle, To, Latex, …, which can be combined with reversed. It is easy to place an arrow at one or both endpoints.

  1. -Triangle and Segment

    Compiled output

    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,4/0/B}
    \tkzDrawSegment[-Triangle](A,B)
    \end{tikzpicture}

  2. Stealth-Stealth and Segment

    Compiled output

    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,4/0/B}
    \tkzDrawSegment[Stealth-Stealth](A,B)
    \end{tikzpicture}

  3. Latex-Latex and Line

    Compiled output

    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,4/0/B}
    \tkzDrawLine[red,Latex-Latex](A,B)
    \tkzDrawPoints(A,B)
    \end{tikzpicture}

  4. To-To and Segment

    Compiled output

    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,4/0/B}
    \tkzDrawSegment[To-To](A,B)
    \end{tikzpicture}

  5. Latex-Latex and Segment

    Compiled output

    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,4/0/B}
    \tkzDrawSegment[Latex-Latex](A,B)
    \end{tikzpicture}

  6. Latex- and Segment

    Compiled output

    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,4/0/B}
    \tkzDrawSegment[Latex-](A,B)
    \end{tikzpicture}

  7. -Latex and Segments

    Compiled output

    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,4/0/B,5/-2/C}
    \tkzDrawSegments[-Latex](A,B A,C)
    \end{tikzpicture}
49.1.1 Scaling an arrow head

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}
\tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,4/0/B}
\tkzDrawSegment[{Latex[scale=2]}-{Latex[scale=2]}](A,B)
\end{tikzpicture}
49.1.2 Using vector style

\tikzset{vector style/.style={>=Latex,->}}

You can redefine this style.

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}
\tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,4/0/B}
\tkzDrawSegment[vector style](A,B)
\end{tikzpicture}
49.2 Arrows on middle point of a line segment

Arrows on lines indicate that the lines are parallel. This depends on the country: in France we prefer to write outside the figure that \((AB) \parallel (DC)\). The code is an adaptation of an answer by Muzimuzhi Z on the site tex.stackexchange.com.

Syntax:

  • tkz arrow (Latex by default)

  • tkz arrow=<arrow end tip>

  • tkz arrow=<arrow end tip> at <pos> (<pos> = .5 by default)

  • tkz arrow={<arrow end tip>[<arrow options>] at <pos>} option possible scale

Example usages:

\tkzDrawSegment[tkz arrow=Stealth] (A,B)
\tkzDrawSegment[tkz arrow={To[scale=3] at .4}](A,B)
\tkzDrawSegment[tkz arrow={Latex[scale=5,blue] at .6}](A,B)

49.2.1 In a parallelogram

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}
\tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,3/0/B,4/2/C}
\tkzDefParallelogram(A,B,C)
\tkzGetPoint{D}
\tkzDrawSegments[tkz arrow](A,B D,C)
\tkzDrawSegments(B,C D,A)
\tkzLabelPoints(A,B)
\tkzLabelPoints[above right](C,D)
\tkzDrawPoints(A,...,D)
\end{tikzpicture}
49.2.2 A line parallel to another one

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}
\tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,3/0/B,1/2/C}
\tkzDefPointWith[colinear= at C](A,B)
\tkzGetPoint{D}
\tkzDrawSegments[tkz arrow=Triangle](A,B C,D)
\tkzLabelPoints(A,B,C)
\tkzDrawPoints(A,...,C)
\end{tikzpicture}
49.2.3 Arrow on a circle

You can place an arrow on the first quarter of a circle; a rotation moves the arrow.

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}
\tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,3/0/B}
\begin{scope}[rotate=150]
\tkzDrawCircle[tkz arrow={Latex[scale=2,red]}](A,B)
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
49.3 Arrows on all segments of a polygon

Some users asked me for a way to place an arrow on each side of a polygon. I used a style proposed by Paul Gaborit on the site tex.stackexchange.com.

\tikzset{tkz arrows/.style=
{postaction={on each path={tkz arrow={Latex[scale=2,color=black]}}}}}

You can change this style. With tkz arrows you can place an arrow on each segment of a polygon.

49.3.1 Arrow on each segment with tkz arrows

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}
\tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,3/0/B}
\tkzDefSquare(A,B) \tkzGetPoints{C}{D}
\tkzDrawPolygon[tkz arrows](A,...,D)
\end{tikzpicture}
49.3.2 Using tkz arrows with a circle

Compiled output

\begin{tikzpicture}
\tkzDefPoints{0/0/A,3/0/B}
\tkzDrawCircle[tkz arrows](A,B)
\end{tikzpicture}